The rupture of pressure vessels is divided into physical explosion phenomenon and chemical explosion phenomenon. The so-called physical explosion phenomenon is the rapid expansion of the high-pressure gas in the container, releasing the internal energy at a high speed. The chemical explosion phenomenon also has the energy released by the chemical reaction at a high speed. The explosion hazard of the triethyl aluminum storage tank is often more serious than the physical explosion phenomenon. The hazards when a container ruptures are usually as follows:

1) The destructive effect of fragments. The reaction force of the gas ejected at high speed pushes the shell out in the opposite direction of the rupture. Some shells may be broken into fragments or the fragments may fly around and cause harm.

2) Combustion of combustible media and secondary space explosion hazards. After the container containing combustible gas and liquefied gas is ruptured, the combustible gas mixes with air, triggering energy (fire, static electricity, etc.) to burn and explode outside the device, causing a fire accident. Among them, the combustible gas explodes in the outer space, and its harm is more serious. The explosive combustion zone of the mixed gas after gasification of the liquid hydrocarbon can be 60,000 times the original volume. For example, after a spherical tank containing 1600m3 of ethylene is ruptured, the diameter of the combustion zone is 700m and the height is 350m. The shock wave of the secondary space explosion can reach more than ten kilometers. This hazard is by no means a physical explosion of the steam boiler.

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3) Shockwave hazards. When a container ruptures, except for further tearing the container and throwing out the container or fragments, most of the energy will generate shock waves. The shock wave damaged buildings, severely damaged equipment and pipelines, and cracked doors and windows in the transportation sector. The shock wave is the same hazard as debris, and the surrounding people are injured or killed.

4) Poisoning of toxic media. If the container containing the poisonous medium ruptures, it will cause a large area of poisoning. The toxic liquefied gas evaporates into gas, which is very harmful. Generally, the volume of steam generated by most liquefied gas in a container that cracks at room temperature is about two to three hundred times that of liquid. Liquid ammonia is 240 times, liquid chlorine is 150 times, hydrocyanic acid is 200 to 370 times, and liquefied petroleum gas is about 180 to 200 times. Toxic gases cause death or serious poisoning of life in a wide range. For example, when a ton of liquid chlorine container ruptures, it can cause a death range of 8.6×104 mm and a poisoning range of 5.5×106 mm.